This book provides a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the physics involved in the formation of precipitation in the Earth's atmosphere. It begins by emphasizing the significance of precipitation in the Earth system and climate. Cloud physics is incorporated to provide readers with the essential physical background necessary to understand the process of hydrometeor formation within clouds. Subsequently, the intricate structure of precipitation systems is elucidated, aiding readers in comprehending the mesoscale and synoptic characteristics of precipitation organization. The book concludes with a section on precipitation observation and measurements, which examines various sensors, such as gauges, radars, satellites, and platforms. These networks enable access to global precipitation data for meteorology and climate analysis.   Designed to meet the needs of graduate and PhD students in fields such as geophysics, meteorology, climate science, hydrology, environmental sciences, water management, and geography, this book is also valuable for researchers and professionals from diverse disciplines who require a solid understanding of precipitation products for their work. Although the book requires a fundamental understanding of classical physics (including dynamics, thermodynamics, electricity, and magnetism), as well as a basic grasp of inorganic chemistry, its content remains accessible and informative for readers with diverse levels of expertise.