This book presents the latest theoretical and practical advances in textile and clothing research, with a focus on high-performance textile-based products such as composites, textile sensors, functional clothing, and the machinery and testing methods behind their development. Drawing from selected contributions to the AUTEX 2025 World Conference held in Dresden, this volume covers a wide range of topics related to the fiber development, production, investigation, nanofibres and smart textiles. Each chapter offers insights into current challenges and solutions across the textile value chain, blending experimental studies with conceptual frameworks to provide a balanced reference for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals.