This book reviews the emerging subdiscipline of cognitive psychology within autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It analyzes similarities and differences in cognition across neurodiverse populations, focusing on the development and decline in cognition across the life span. The book addresses such specific topics as intellectual functioning, motor development, learning disabilities, executive functioning, adaptive behavior, face recognition, social behavior, and language and communication. In addition, it examines emerging topics in the field of cognition within autism, such as theory of mind, functional magnetic resonance imaging, metacognition, and cognitive tempo. Key areas of coverage include: Cognitive development in young children, adolescents, and young adults with autism, including cultural and linguistic issues. Learning disabilities, adaptive skills, and executive function in autism. Social cognition and autism. Sluggish cognitive tempo and autism. Cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder is a must-have reference for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals in developmental, clinical child, and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, behavioral therapy and rehabilitation, special education, pediatrics, nursing, and all interrelated disciplines.