The Igbo of Nigeria always say that "Awo anaghi agba oso ihihe n'efu" meaning that the toad does not run in a broad day time for nothing". That is to say, either it is pursuing something or something is pursing it. Thus, the perception in West Africa about mental illness remains a strange one.My research on the cultural perspectives and stigmatization against the mentally ill persons in West Africa is essential to curb the negative stereotypes, myths, and stigma associated with mental illness. The negative perception of mental illness affects not only the individual diagnosed with mental illness but also the families. The topic is interesting to research on as to curtail the seeming long known myths that mentally ill persons are infectious, demon possessed and dangerous to live in a society. The study will also educate the people of West Africa to understand the etiology and different types of mental illness. It will help West Africans to debunk the belief that parents' sin, curse, witchcraft or God punishment as responsible for mental illness. Thus, this research will provide insight on the impact of factors like wars, economic deprivation, migration, isolation and cultural effects on mental illness.