Medicine is a field of science that deals with the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prevention of diseases. Contemporary medicine or modern medicine uses biomedical sciences and research, genetics, surgeries, medical devices and technology for the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. The branches of medicine are divided into three categories – basic sciences, medical specialties and interdisciplinary fields. Anatomy, biomechanics, genetics, immunology, physiology, etc. are a few branches that fall under basic sciences. Medical specialties include surgery, internal medicine, pathology, clinical neurophysiology, etc. Other interdisciplinary fields are aerospace medicine, evolutionary medicine, veterinary medicine, therapeutics, etc. Health science deals with the health of humans and animals. It has two divisions of study – the study and research of health, and its applications to promote health and functioning of the organisms. This book unravels the recent studies in the field of medicine and health science. It attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of medicine and health science and how such concepts have practical applications. The book will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field.