This book covers biotechnology and applications of diatoms including various applications such as the use of diatom biogenic silica in drug delivery and their cultivation for wastewater remediation. It contains case studies in diatom biorefinery and provides information about the bioactive compounds, antioxidants, and lipids from diatoms. It also discusses the latest innovations in the genetic engineering of diatoms. Key Features: Discusses the applications of diatoms in drug delivery Covers the application and cultivation of diatoms for wastewater bioremediation Describes the innovations and gaps in genetic engineering of diatoms Throws light on the lipid content, antioxidant content, and various bioactive compounds present in diatoms Includes extraction technologies in diatoms The book is meant for academicians and microbiologists, biotechnologists, and marine biologists.