The degradation of environment globally has emerged as a major challenge to the existence of human being in this world. More recently the effects of environmental degradation are becoming more and more obvious in the form of a range of pollutant affecting the planet. Environmental destruction activities such as chemical, human activities and the release of chlorofluorocarbons to the atmosphere trigger the depletion of ozone layer. Emission of Greenhouse gases to the atmosphere causes global warming and Global warming leads to soil erosion, flooding, drought and rise in sea water level. The burning issue for the human being as a whole is of sustainable development in the midst of degradation of environment. Extreme use of natural resources as well as severe pollution caused by unplanned activities tends to create environmental and social distress. Sustainable development implies the use of ecological system in a manner that satisfies current need without compromising the need or options of future generations. The aim of sustainable development should be to maximize human well being or quality of life without jeopardizing the life-support environment. This peer reviewed book contains research papers on various topics relating to environmental issues and sustainable development.