This book is an introduction to fundamental techniques of image analysis with machine vision and their applicability in Industry 5.0. It provides basic and emerging techniques in the field of image analysis and machine vision in Industry 5.0. It also covers an extensive study of recent related work and research challenges in the field. Further, it discusses some effective solutions to address the challenges of digitally transforming industrial activities and improving their efficiency. Provides effective and robust machine vision-enabled methods across different industrial fields, emphasizing their applicability and reliability Covers the emerging concepts of image analysis and machine vision utilized in the digital transformation of manufacturing activities under Industry 5.0 Discusses conceptual methodologies of image analysis and machine vision tailored for various industrial applications, providing insights into their practical implementation Practical issues on implementing machine vision applications with image analysis techniques in Industry 5.0 are addressed, offering guidance on method implementation Includes case studies of various industrial processes, highlighting current challenges and presenting effective solutions, offering real-world insights into the application of machine vision It is a reference book for research students, scientists, and professionals working in the fields of image processing, computer vision, and the Internet of Things.