Autism refers to a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication along with confined and repetitive behaviors. It is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The factors that can increase the likeliness of autism during pregnancy include fetal growth restriction, infections, autoimmune diseases, and various toxins like alcohol, air pollution, and cocaine. Diagnosis of these disorders is done on the basis of the behavior and not through cause or mechanism. There does not exist any known treatment for these disorders but various interventions can be helpful. Skill building, and behavioral, educational and psychological interventions can be utilized to facilitate people with autism disorders, which help them in living their life independently. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder. It is a vital tool for all researching and studying this medical condition.