An insightful and comprehensive exploration into the burgeoning field of sugarcane-based biofuels and the green technology revolution, this book delves deep into the multifaceted role of sugarcane in addressing the global energy crisis, offering a panoramic view of the latest advances, challenges, and prospects in the realm of sustainable energy. The book summarizes the production, management, and socioeconomic impact of sugarcane as well as its related sustainability issues. It focuses on the biotechnological innovations that are crucial to transforming sugarcane to benefit the bioethanol and energy sector, discussing biotechnical modification for sugarcane plants for biofuel and bioenergy production, such as advanced breeding approaches, assessment of the genetic integrity of sugarcane, optimization of sugarcane nutrient management strategies, and more. It also looks at the environmental impacts of sugarcane production for biofuels and its environmental sustainability as well as the economic benefits of biofuel production for a sustainable agroclimate.