The Spanish Civil War was the first conflict to see real clashes between tanks, employed by both sides (at the same time, Italy was fighting in Ethiopia, employing a good number of armoured vehicles, but against an enemy with no tanks at all). Spain was thus the testing ground for modern warfare between armoured vehicles sent from Italy, Germany and Russia. The use of tanks during the Civil War only hinted at some of those aspects that would later make armoured forces one of the decisive elements on the battlefield during the Second World War. In this volume, Spanish-made prototypes and so-called ‘tiznaos’ will be described.