This compilation, The Making and Ending of Federalism , includes the main topics addressed by recognized experts on federalism at the Conference of the International Association of Federal Studies (IACFS) held in Innsbruck, Austria, on 28-30 October 2021. It analyzes how federal and quasi-federal systems are created and if there are common patterns or certain conditions that promote the emergence or the demise of federal systems, including case studies from Brazil, Spain, and Italy.